185 
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A N U A L TRAINING REPRINTS 



SERIES A 



NUMBER 3 



SELECTED SHOP PROBLEMS 



BY 



GEORGE A. SEATON 



THE MANUAL ARTS PRESS 

PEORIA, ILLINOIS 



MANUAL TRAINING REPRINTS 

Edited by Charles A Bennett, 
Professor of Manual Arts, Bradley Polytechnic Institute, Peoria, Illinois 

Series A Number 3 



SELECTED SHOP PROBLEMS 

By 

George A. Seaton 

Director of Manual Training, Shaw High School, Cleveland, Ohio 




THE MANUAL ARTS PRESS 

PEORIA, ILLINOIS 



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Copyright 

The Manual Arts Press 

1910 



(gGI.A280061 



^ MANUAL TRAINING REPRINTS. 

I The persistent demand for certain numbers of the Manual Train- 

-^ ING Magazine has made it evident to the publishers that some of the 

c,-^ articles in these numbers ought to be reprinted and sold at such a price 

J^as will enable teachers to purchase them in quantities for use in their 

<- classes. Moreover, it is believed that from time to time in the future, 

the Magazine will publish articles which, owing to their special value, 

ought to be reprinted soon after they appear in the Magazine. 

To supply this evident need the Manual Training Reprints have been 
planned and will be issued at regular intervals as the demand may 
warrant. These will be arranged in two series as follows : 

Series A. — Illustrated articles of special practical value for class use. 

Series B. — Discussions having special, permanent value, or such as supply 
needed data to directors of manual training and to students preparing to be- 
come teachers. 

The following scale of prices, which will be uniform for all the Reprints, 
has been adopted: 

Single copy, postpaid 20 cents. 

12 copies in one package $2.00 

25 copies In one package 3.50 

50 copies in one package 6.50 

100 copies in one package 12.00 

The price on number of copies between those given in the above list will 
be at the rate of the next smaller numbor of copies in the list. For example, 6 
copies will cost $1.20; 35 copies will cost $4.90. But as all the reprints are sold 
at the same price, one may select from all the titles that are published In mak- 
ing up an order of a given number. 

REPRINTS NOW READY FOR DISTRIBUTION. 



No. 1. The Construction and Flying of Kites. By C. M. Miller, Assistant 
Supervisor of Manual Training, Los Angeles, Calif. 

No. 2. Coping Saw Work. By Ben W. Johnson, Supervisor of Manual 
Training, Seattle, Washington. 

No. 3. Selected Shop Problems. By George A. Seaton. Director of Man- 
ual Training, Shaw High School, Cleveland, Ohio. 



U-/3. 



INTRODUCTION. 

THIS collection of problems in woodworking has been made to 
meet the needs of busy teachers of manual training. They have 
all been selected from the Shop Problems Department of the 
Manual Training Magazine ; the text has been revised, and several new 
pen sketches added. In this form they are quite sure to be welcomed 
by progressive teachers who are looking for good problems for their 
classes. Each problem has been put to the test and has proven satisfac- 
tory to the teacher who designed it and the pupil who made it. 

Most of the problems have all the working dimensions given, but a 
few of them — for example, the simple stool, the tabouret, and the tie 
rack — need either to have some dimensions supplied by the pupil or they 
invite thoughtful modification by him. In this way the collection aims 
to meet a great variety of needs. — The Editor. 



SELECTED SHOP PROBLEMS 



PADDED STOOL. (Plate 1.) 



A PROJECT which never fails to interest the boys and one of 
which they are sure to be proud when it is completed is the little 
footstool. As shown with dowel joints it is very easy to con- 
st) uct and very serviceable. If preferred, it can be made with the mor- 
tife-and-tenon joint in place of the dowel joint. Another change that 
might be made is the using of cleats to support the top board instead of 
rabbeting the rails. The top of the posts can be given a number of dif- 
fejent shapes according to the ability of the worker. 

^he upholstering takes considerable care to be a success. Genuine 
leather may be used as a cover or one of the imitation leathers, of which 

that known as Chase leather is excellent. 
If this is used as shown in the drawing, go- 
ing clear over the rails, a piece about 16 bv 
20 inches will be needed. Instead of doing 
this a piece about 11 by 15 inches may be 
used and brought down but a half inch over 
the rails. In this case it will be necessary to 
finish the edge with a piece of gimp. For padding either tow, moss or 
curled hair may be used and the amount \\ ill depend upon the material. 
From a half pound of tow to three-fourths of a pound of curled hair will 
Le ample. The first step will be to lay a stick about an inch thick length- 
wise of the stool on the rails. Over this is stretched a piece of muslin 1 1 
by 15 inches which is temporarily tacked in place along the upper edge of 
the long rails. The stick can now be removed and the padding iorced in 
from both ends until the top is neatly rounded into shap?. A tack is 
first placed in the center of each of the shorter sides which may now be 
tpcked in place by working from the c-Uter toward the corners. Any 
hirge lumps in the top can be removed by loosening the tacks on the long 
sides and stretching the muslin tighter over the lumps. The corners are 




MANUAL TRAINING REPRINTS. 

thp last to be tacked in place and can be fitted b}^ making a 45-degree 
cut just far enough in from the outside corner to make a tight fit around 
the post. Care must be taken to get pleritj^ of padding in the corners. 
All tacks may now be driven home and the leather put in place much 
like the muslin, working from the center of the sides toward the corners. 
The leather is held in place b}' ordinary tacks driven in the under edge 
of the rails, or along the upper edge of the rails where the leather does 
not cover them. Any extra leather should be trimmed off with sharp 
knife and the large gimp tacks put in for ornament. Where it is de- 
sired to have the top especially smooth and free from bumps some cotton 
batten should be placed under the leather. 



SIMPLE STOOL. (Plate 2.) 



A stool which will prove very pleasing and is so simple that it can 
readily be made in the eighth grade, or possibly even in a lower grade, is 

shown in Plate 2. By the use of 
dowel rods for the cross strip it is 
possible to do away with the cus- 
tomary mortise and replace it 
with a simple bored hole. The 
top is woven from what is known 
as "binding" which comes in long 
twists like rattan and is pulled 
out in the same way from the 
loop end. One twist is sufficient to cover three stools and costs thirty- 
five cents. The winding should be completed lengthwise first and should 
not be drawn absolutely taut as the cross weaving tightens the work con- 
siderably. The design can be worked out in the cross weaving, "under 
and over." No needle is necessary and the binding may be used without 
any preliminary soaking. Splicing is done by the use of small brass rings. 
For stronger workers what is known as very fine cane makes a satisfac 
tory seat, and rush can also be used with success. 




SELECTED SHOP PROBLEMS. 




CROSS WEAVING DESIGN FOR STOOL 




SHOWING THE METHOD OF WEAVING 
THE SIDES. 




MANUAL TRAINING REPRINTS. 
FRAME AND PLATE RAIL. ( Plate 3.) 

Among the exhibits of interest at the last manual training convention 
was shown the combined frame and plate rail from the Cleveland schools. 

The construction is comparatively 
simple for a design so pleasing. 
As shown in the w^orking draw- 
ing, no particular type of joint is 
indicated. This can best be adapt- 
ed to the abilities of the students 
undertaking the work. The top 
■;helf is generally made with three 
narrow grooves for supporting 
the plates, though the model looks very well where serving simply for a 
picture frame. 

TABOURET. (Plate 4.) 



Walter M. Mohr's article on the "Dec- 
orated Shop Model" (1905 Year Book of 
Council of Supervisors of the ^Lmual Arts) 
suggested the lines of the tabouret shown, 
though the dimensions given are those used 
in East Cleveland. This makes an excellent 
application of the mortise-and-tenon joint 
and can be modified by using four legs in- 
stead of two. 




TIE RACK. (Plate 5.) 

It is always difficult to find a 
problem which is simple enough for 
the student taking his first steps in 
woodworking yet which has suffi- 
cient beauty to make it worth 
while. W. E. Roberts of Cleveland provides an attractive model and 
one which is capable of infinite change by pleasing modifications of the 
outlines of the ends of the back. It will be surprising what variety may 
be obtained in this one model from a class. 




10 



SELECTED SHOP PROBLEMS. 

BOOK AND MAGAZINE RACK. (Plate 6.) 

The pleasant room furnished with the work of the manual training 
students of Cleveland will be remembered by all who visited the Board 

of Education headquarters during the meet- 
ing of the National Education Association. 
Among the other attractive models was the 
little rack laden with magazines of interest 
and displaying a row of books with titles 
familiar to all teachers of manual training. 
The placing of the magazine shelf and also 
the trough for the books made possible the 
reading of the titles without stopping to 
examine the books, while the handholes at 
the top not only allowed the rack to be carried from place to place but 
also served as just the right touch of ornamentation to relieve the plain- 
ness of the sides. 




SLEEVE BOARD. (Plate 7.) 

The sleeve board will find its 
greatest use if it be provided with 
some sort of base. These two may 
be permanently fastened together 
or the board may be hinged to the 
base. According to Allison P. 
Ball of Worcester, Massachusetts, who has sent in the sketch, the hinged 
board seems to meet the needs of the mothers, than whom we have no 
better critics. 




FOLDING BOOK RACK. (Plate 8.) 

A design that appeals because of 
its ingenuity is the folding book-rack 
sent in by Frederick B. Riggs of San- 
tee, Nebraska. The hinge which is 
cut from 26 gauge sheet brass makes 
it possible to fold the rack into com- 
pact form for traveling. The hinge is put on with ^-inch No. 6 round 
head brass screws. 

11 




MANUAL TRAINING REPRINTS. 



STEP LADDER. (Plate 9.) 

There is little that need be said in regard to the construction of the 
simple step ladder, which is from the design of Philip S. Hasty of the 
Isadore Newman Manual Training School of New Orleans. The en- 
tire end of each step is let into the sides of the ladder as shown. The best 
cross braces for the back are made from 3^ inch 
or % inch dowel rods, which must be wedged 
and glued into place. A small pin should be put 
thru the lower dowel rod just inside the side 
braces to prevent these from sliding while still 
allowing them to turn. The notch at the front 
end of the side braces drops over short pins 
which are wedged and glued into the sides of 
the ladder. Nails and glue are used for fasten- 
ing thruout. 

CORNER CLOTHES HANGER. 

(Plate 10.) 
Those of us who must dwell in the city with 
its flats and small modern houses will be quick 
to appreciate the worth of the corner clothes hanger which has been 
planned by Hans Schmidt of St. Paul. Its convenience and ease of con- 
struction should make it a popular project. 




SMALL WALL CABINET. (Plate 11.) 



As an example of cabinet con- 
struction the small wall cabinet 
made in Mr. Weick's classes at 
Columbia University furnishes an 
interesting illustration. Consider- 
able opportunity for choice on the 
part of the student is offered as the 
dimensions given are merely sug- 
gestive. Ordinarily the necessary 
stock is issued to the students and 
they are allowed to cut it down 
to suit their own ideas, the only 
point insisted upon being the meth- 




12 



SELECTED SHOP PROBLEMS. 

od of construction. The shaping of the bottom of the sides and the 
corner blocks can be made a problem in design, while most interesting 
of all is the designing and making suitable hinges and door pull or 
escutcheon from sheet brass. If care is exercised in the design, it will 
be found possible to make the hinges with the simplest of tools. A 
point worthy of notice in this model is the use of re-inforcing corner 
blocks at every opportunity. Small triangular blocks, not shown in the 
drawing, may be used inside of the cupboard, and if sawed off the right 
length will serve as a stop for the door. The tongue on the door rails 
IS made just long enough to fit into the panel groove on the stiles. To 
strengthen this joint two quarter-inch dowels are used at every corner. 



SMALL TABLE. (Plate 12.) 



A project always full of interest 
to the high school boy is the construc- 
tion of a small table. The one shown 
is pleasing because of its very simplic- 
ity. Its simple lines are capable of 
modification to suit the taste of the 
maker. The under side of the cross 
pieces might be given a slight curve 
and the tenons could be allowed to 
project thru the legs about an eighth 
of an inch. The design is by William 
E. Roberts of Cleveland. 




LIBRARY TABLE. (Plate 13.) 

Among the larger pieces of furniture that can be undertaken by high 
school boys, there is nothing which is so elemental in its construction 

and yet so satisfactory when com- 
pleted as the type of library table 
which is here illustrated. As shown 
in the drawing there is no drawer, 
but this might easily be added if 
thought desirable. No method of 
fastening the top in place in indi- 
cated and this in itself should form 




n 



MANUAL TRAINING REPRINTS. 

a problem that would set the boys investig;ating. On a table of this size 
possibly the best method would be the use of the regular angle irons 

which are sold for the purpose. If 

the materials already at hand are to 
be used, small L-shaped pieces of 
wood can be made having one end 
of the L fitted into a small mortise 
in the side rails and the other end 
sciewed to the under side of the top. In this way the tighter the screw 
is urged, the closer will be the fit between the top and side rails. The 
design is by William E. Roberts of Cleveland. 





HALL TREE. (Plate 14.) 

The drawing for the hall tree or costumer is from 
Hans W. Schmidt of St. Paul. As suggested in the 
note on the drawing, the hangers may be of either metai 
or wood. Perhaps the wooden pegs may appeal as be- 
ing more in harmony with the design, though metai 
hangers are apt to prove more practical. 



BOOK CASE. (Plate 15.) 

In harmony with some of the other fur- 
niture designs contributed by William E. 
Roberts of Cleveland, is the bookcase shown 
herewith. This also is by Mr. Roberts. The 
main dimensions alone have been indicated 
and the others may be varied to suit condi- 
tions. The door which is shown may also 
be omitted should the maker be lacking in 
the necessary time or skill. 




14 



SELECTED SHOP PROBLEMS. 




DESK. (Plate 16.) 

Where a small desk is desired nothing will 
prove more satisfactory than the one which has 
been designed by William E. Roberts of Cleve- 
land, after a craftsman pattern. The very 
simplest of outlines have been shown but these 
can be varied in a number of different ways. 
The usual pigeonholes are omitted because the 
desk is so shallow. In their place are a couple 
of pockets just hinted at by the dotted lines of 
the end view. 



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Book and Magaz/ne Rack 

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Plate 7. 




Plate 8. 




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Small Table 



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Book Case 



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WITHOUT DOOR 



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Plate 15. 




Plate 16. 



One copy del. to Cat. Div. 



013 974 058 • 



Books on the Manual Arts 



BEGINNING WOODWORK. At Home and in School. By Clinton 
Sheldon Van Deusen; illustrated by Edwin Victor Lawrence. 
Price, $1.00. 

ESSENTIALS OF WOODWORKING. By Ira S. Griffith; illustrated 
by Edwin Victor Lawrence. Price, $1.00. 

PROBLEMS IN WOODWORKING. By M. W. Murray. Price, 
75 cents. 

PROBLEMS IN FURNITURE MAKING. By Fred D. Crawshaw. 
Price, $1.00. 

PROBLEMS IN WOOD-TURNING. By Fred D. Crawshaw. Price, 
80 cents. 

PROBLEMS IN MECHANICAL DRAWING. By Charles A. Bennett. 
With drawings by Fred D. Crawshaw. Price, $1.00. 

WOODWORK FOR SCHOOLS ON SCIENTIFIC LINES. By James 
Thomas Bailey and S. PoUitt. Price, 75 cents. 

CLAY WORK. By Katherine Morris Lester. Price, $1.00. 

SIMPLIFIED MECHANICAL PERSPECTIVE. By Frank Forrest 

Frederick. Price, 75 cents. 

THE WASH METHOD OF HANDLING WATER COLOUR. By Frank 
Forrest Frederick. Price, 50 cents. 

CLASSROOM PRACTICE IN DESIGN. By James Parton Haney 
Price, 50 cents. 

SEND FOR ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE. 



THE MANUAL ARTS PRESS 

PEORIA. ILLINOIS 



LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 



013 974 058 



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